Do extra prompt rules (like whitespace/spelling) make LLMs work harder, or only affect output?

When we prompt LLMs, are we sometimes making them work harder than they otherwise would?

Example: I give a scientific preprint paper to an LLM and ask it to extract a sentence. The sentence has messed-up spacing and a typo.

My questions:

  • If I don’t mention whitespace or spelling, does the model automatically notice/correct it internally?

  • If I do mention it (“ignore whitespace/spelling”), am I adding cognitive load, forcing it to decide what to do?

  • Do negative instructions like “don’t fix typos” or “don’t change spacing” add extra “thinking steps,” or just nudge the model down a different path at no real cost?

  • Or does it not matter at all — the model just follows a slightly different mapping, and the only real cost is token length?

Basically: are we optimizing the “path” through the model by simplifying instructions, or is clarity never actually a burden unless it bloats tokens?

This feels like one of the most practical things to know for everyone who prompts — it directly affects whether you add rules for safety/clarity, or strip prompts down for efficiency.

Curious if anyone has intuition, research, or testing experience here.

I’ve seen papers and community notes showing that simple prompt tweaks can affect performance — e.g., “Let’s think step by step” boosting reasoning accuracy, or self-consistency sampling adding 6–18% across benchmarks.

I’ve also seen people argue that negative instructions (“never paraphrase,” “do not fix typos”) can suppress hallucinations but may add competing constraints.

That’s partly why I’m asking: are rules like “ignore whitespace/spelling” in the same category of adding “cognitive overhead,” or is it a free redirect in the model’s mapping?

Welcome to the community, @vipersick1000

Extra prompt rules (like whitespace or spelling constraints) don’t make the model “work harder” in the sense of using more compute beyond token length. They mostly shape the style and probabilities of the output. The only “work” increase is if your instructions or the resulting output are longer.