ChatGPT generating Fake? references

ChatGPT
1

I asked ChatGPT the following question:
Provide guidance on how to get a patient with dementia to stop smoking. Provide references

It provided what seemed like a reasonable answer followed by 4 references (see below). The only problem is that none of the references seems to exist. I have gone to the journal websites listed in the first 2 references and there are no such articles (or I couldn’t find them). The third reference gives a 404 error on the Alzheimer’s Association website and searching the website for a document with a similar name produces no appropriate result. Finally there is no article about smoking cessation from the Geriatric Psychiatry Service at the University of Michigan.

I know that chatGPT is not connected to the internet and it’s possible that online references could disappear over time, but references from a publication should still be around.
DRG

RESPONSE FROM CHATGPT
It can be challenging to get a patient with dementia to stop smoking due to cognitive impairment and difficulty understanding the health risks associated with smoking. Here are some strategies that may be helpful:

  1. Engage the patient’s family and caregivers: They may be able to provide insight into what motivates the patient to smoke and can help implement a quit plan.
  2. Use visual aids: Simple pictures or diagrams can help explain the risks of smoking to a patient with dementia.
  3. Offer alternatives: Provide the patient with a substitute such as a fidget toy or oral substitute in the form of nicotine replacement therapy.
  4. Create a supportive environment: Eliminate smoking triggers and provide a smoke-free environment for the patient.
  5. Address underlying issues: People with dementia may smoke as a coping mechanism for anxiety, depression, or boredom. Addressing underlying emotional issues may help the patient quit smoking.
  6. Seek professional help: Consult with a healthcare professional, such as a geriatrician or a dementia specialist, who can provide additional guidance and support.

References:

  1. “Smoking Cessation in Dementia Patients: A Review.” Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease, vol. 42, no. 1, 2015, pp. S105–S112.
  2. “Smoking cessation in people with dementia: a systematic review.” International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, vol. 30, no. 4, 2015, pp. 393–406.
  3. “Smoking and Dementia.” Alzheimer’s Association, 2020, https://www.alz.org/alzheimers-dementia/risk/smoking
  4. “Smoking Cessation in Dementia Patients” by The Geriatric Psychiatry Service, Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan